Phytochemical Characterization, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Hydroethanolic Extract from Acalypha indica L. (Euphorbiaceae) Collected in Togo
Kpakou Mathieu N’Paki
Laboratoire de Botanique et Ecologie Végétale (LBEV) Université de Lomé, Togo.
Komi Lucien Domedjui
Laboratoire de Botanique et Ecologie Végétale (LBEV) Université de Lomé, Togo.
Mamatchi Melila
Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et des Ressources Naturelles (LAGEPREN), Université de Lomé, Togo.
Madjouma Kanda
Laboratoire de Botanique et Ecologie Végétale (LBEV) Université de Lomé, Togo.
Koffi Apeti Gbogbo *
Laboratoire de Botanique et Ecologie Végétale (LBEV) Université de Lomé, Togo.
Fousséni Folega
Laboratoire de Botanique et Ecologie Végétale (LBEV) Université de Lomé, Togo.
Marra Dourma
Laboratoire de Botanique et Ecologie Végétale (LBEV) Université de Lomé, Togo.
Komlan Batawila
Laboratoire de Botanique et Ecologie Végétale (LBEV) Université de Lomé, Togo.
Koffi Akpagana
Laboratoire de Botanique et Ecologie Végétale (LBEV) Université de Lomé, Togo.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Native tropical floras are invaded by non-native species, creating some ecological disorders. Many of them are new reports for local flora but also, they are known to have some medicinal uses in their original regions for human therapy. That seems to be the case of Acalypha indica L. (Euphorbiaceae). This study aims to provide a synoptic overview of this species in Togolese country and to verify whether the bibliographically reported uses are scientifically verifiable. For this, the species’ leafy stem and root were harvested in the Agoè-Nyive 1 district (Lomé), then washed and dried under shade. The samples were crushed and macerated in hydroethanol solvent. Phytochemical screenings were performed. The antioxidant activities were estimated by FRAP method. In vitro antimicrobial activity was evaluated using microdilution method. Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603, Enterococcus faecalis "resistant strain", E. coli "NDM resistant strain", K. pneumoniae "Oxa 48 resistant strain", Trichophyton tonsurans and T. mentagrophytes were tested. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of phytochemical groups as polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins. The leafy stem showed better antioxidant activity than the root. Hydroethanol extracts showed that leafy stem and root of A. indica are microbiostatic against the strains tested.
Keywords: A. indica, phytoconstituents, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, resistant strain, microbiostatic