Review on Organic and Chemical Farming in Agricultural Sector
Subhranshu Panda
Department of Horticulture, SHUATS, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Padmini Priyadarsini
Department of Horticulture, SHUATS, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Ujju Kumara
Department of Horticulture, SHUATS, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Saket Mishra
Department of Horticulture, SHUATS, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Shashi Kant Ekka
Department of Horticulture, SHUATS, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Akhilesh Kushwaha *
Department of Horticulture, SHUATS, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Reena Kujur
Department of Biological Science, SHUATS, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Present day healthy food is very important but farmers and market people are using more chemicals so that total recourses are polluted. Mainly farmers using more chemical fertilizer so that it is affected to soil, resource, human health, animals and plants. These all are polluted due to inorganic farming. The main objective of the study is to reduce chemical fertilizers for growing yields and also not use chemicals in marketing. So, that reduces diseases like cancer, heart attack, stroke and many other type of diseases. Improvement of organic yields is very important in that way to involve government and take initiative towards motivate the farmer to use organic fertilizers and also provide separate marketing for organic products and also encourage for government site to give more subsidies to organic farmer and also provide free certification. The paper explained what is the differences between organic and chemical farming and the main advantage of using organic farming and how organic farming save the environment and climate.
Keywords: Organic farming, methods, soil health, environment effect, chemical fertilizer
How to Cite
Downloads
References
Elayaraja MM, Vijai C. Organic farming in India: Benefits and Challenges. Eur. J. Mol. Clin. Med. 2021;7(11):3021-3029.
Charyulu DK, Dwivedi AK. Economics of organic farming vis-vis conventional farming in India. SSRN; 2016.
Yadav R, Yadav M, Chakraborty A, Kumar R. Chapter organic farming for sustainable agriculture.
Asghar U, Malik MF, Javed A. Pesticide exposure and human health: a review. J Ecosys Ecograph S. 2016;5:2.
Dasgupta P. Commentary: The Stern Review's economics of climate change. National institute economic review. 2007;199:4-7.
Vilvijayan C, Lalitha N. Organic Food in India: Health and environmental advantages and disadvantages. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology. 2021:289-297.
Das SK, Avasthe RK. Soil organic nutrients management through integrated approach: A policy for environment & ecology. Environ Anal Ecol Stud. 2018;4(1):1-8.
Singh RK, Longkumer TE. Compost: The black cold. KrishiVigyan Kendra–Phek, ICAR–NRC on Mithun, Porba, Phek, Nagaland. 2018;112.
Evans DO. The effect of management of Crotalaria juncea green manure on the yield and nitrogen uptake of maize. University of Hawai'i at Manoa; 1981.
Moskalenko AM, Volkohon VV. Economic grounding for ecologically safe strategy of mineral fertilizers use. Actual Problems of Economics. 2015;171(9):286−293
Bulyhin S, Tonkha O. Biological evaluation of the rationality of soil usage in agriculture. – Agricultural Science and Practice. 2018;5(1):23–29. DOI: 10.15407/agrisp5.01.023
Rieznik S, Havva D, Dehtiarov V, Pachev I. Dynamics of the number of functional groups of microorganisms under different farming systems. In Journal of Mountain Agriculture on the Balkans 2023;26(1): 549–567.
Rieznik S, Havva D, Chekar O. Enzymatic activity of typical chernozems under the conditions of the organic farming systems. Scientific Papers. Series A. Agronomy. 2021;LXIV(2):114-119.
Tully KL, McAskill C. Promoting soil health in organically managed systems: A review. Organic Agriculture. 2020;10(3):339-358.
Dias T, Dukes A, Antunes PM. Accounting for soil biotic effects on soil health and crop productivity in the design of crop rotations. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2015;95(3):447-454.
Toungos MD, Bulus ZW. Cover crops dual roles: Green manure and maintenance of soil fertility, a review. International Journal of Innovative Agriculture and Biology Research. 2019;7(1):47-59.
Erhart E, Hartl W. Compost use in organic farming. Genetic engineering, biofertilisation, soil quality and organic farming. 2010;311-345.
Adamczewska-Sowińska K, Sowiński J. Polyculture management: A crucial system for sustainable agriculture development. Soil Health Restoration and Management. 2020;279-319.
Shah F, Wu W. Soil and crop management strategies to ensure higher crop productivity within sustainable environments. Sustainability. 2019;11(5): 1485.
Nega A. Review on concepts in biological control of plant pathogens. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare. 2014; 4(27):33-54.
Harlan JR. Wild-grass seed harvesting in the Sahara and Sub-Sahara of Africa. In Foraging and farming. Routledge. 2014: 79-96
Srivastav AL. Chemical fertilizers and pesticides: Role in groundwater contamination. In Agrochemicals detection, treatment and remediation. Butterworth-Heinemann. 2020:143-159.
Gamage A, Gangahagedara R, Gamage J, Jayasinghe N, Kodikara N, Suraweera P, Merah O. Role of organic farming for achieving sustainability in agriculture. Farming System. 2023;1(1): 100005.
Kaswan S, Kaswan V, Kumar R. Organic farming as a basis for sustainable agriculture-a review. Agricultural Reviews. 2012;33(1).
Heisey PW, Norton GW. Fertilizers and other farm chemicals. Handbook of agricultural economics. 2007;3:2741-2777.
Pimentel D. Green revolution agriculture and chemical hazards. Science of the total environment. 1996;188:S86-S98.
Agrawal AA. Current trends in the evolutionary ecology of plant defence. Functional Ecology. 2011;25(2): 420-432.